Formylcytosine (5fC) is a rare base found in mammalian DNA and thought to be involved in
active DNA demethylation. Here, we show that developmental dynamics of 5fC levels in …

Abstract The modified base 5-formylcytosine (5fC) was recently identified in mammalian
DNA and might be considered to be the'seventh'base of the genome. This nucleotide has …

DNA methylation in the form of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) is a key epigenetic regulator in
mammals, and the dynamic balance between methylation and demethylation impacts …

Abstract The DNA base 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is produced by enzymatic
oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) by 5mC oxidases (the Tet proteins). Since 5hmC is …

Recently, the cytosine modifications 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and 5-formylcytosine
(5fC) were found to exist in the genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of a wide range of …

Active DNA demethylation in mammals involves oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-
hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) …

The absolute levels of 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) and 5‐methylcytosine (mC) in
human brain tissues at various ages were determined. Additionally, absolute levels of 5 …

Tet enzymes oxidize 5-methyl-deoxycytidine (mdC) to 5-hydroxymethyl-dC (hmdC), 5-formyl-
dC (fdC) and 5-carboxy-dC (cadC) in DNA. It was proposed that fdC and cadC deformylate …

Summary TET proteins oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC),
5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). 5fC and 5caC are excised by …

5-Methylcytosine (mC) is an epigenetic mark that impacts transcription, development, and
genome stability, and aberrant DNA methylation contributes to aging and cancer. Active …