In the past three decades, evidence has been accumulating that the IGF-I receptor/ligand
system plays an important role in malignant disease. This has led to a search for specific …

The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling system plays a crucial role in human cancer
and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is an attractive drug target against which a variety of novel …

Clear links between cancer and cellular signaling triggered by the insulin-like growth factor-I
(IGF-I) receptor (IGF-IR) and its cognate ligands (IGF-I and IGF-II) have been reported …

The tumor microenvironment fuels tumorigenesis and induces the development of
resistance to anticancer drugs. A growing number of reports support that the tumor …

During the last decades, changes in the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling have been
related to the pathogenesis of cancer. Therefore, IGFs became highly attractive therapeutic …

Insulin‐like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for growth and survival that suppress
apoptosis and promote cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastatic activities in …

In recent years, the influence of the IGF system and insulin on cancer growth has been
widely studied. Observational human studies have reported increased cancer mortality in …

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a 7.5 kDa mitogenic peptide hormone expressed by liver
and many other tissues. It is three times more abundant in serum than IGF1, but our …

Despite a strong preclinical rationale for targeting the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in
cancer, clinical studies of IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R)-targeted monotherapies have been …

Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play important roles in mammalian growth, development,
aging, and diseases. Aberrant IGFs signaling may lead to malignant transformation and …