Oestrogen receptors (ERs) and β‐adrenergic receptors (βARs) play important roles in the
cardiovascular system. Moreover, these receptors are expressed in cardiac myocytes and …

In the present study, we evaluated the transduction pathways involved in the cardiac effects
elicited by 17β-estradiol (E2) on the isolated, Langendorff perfused male Wistar rat heart. E2 …

The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER) produces cardioprotective effects.
However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to investigate the …

Although female protection from cardiovascular diseases declines with the fall in circulating
sex hormones experienced during menopause, clinical trials in older women fail to …

Endogenous estrogens are important regulators of cardiovascular homeostasis in
premenopausal women and delay the development of hypertension and coronary artery …

Oestrogens are important sex hormones central to health and disease in both genders that
have protective effects on the cardiovascular and metabolic systems. These hormones act in …

17β-Estradiol (E2) is the main estrogenic hormone in the body and exerts many
cardiovascular protective effects. Via three receptors known to date, including estrogen …

Recent studies suggest that the rapid and nongenomic effects of estradiol may be mediated
through the G protein-coupled receptor dubbed GPR30 receptor. The present study …

Estrogen mediate its biological effects through its association with estrogen receptors (ERs).
They also regulate the expression of a variety of genes involved in distinct physiological …

Although the rapid effects of steroids, such as estrogen and aldosterone, were postulated
originally to be nongenomic, it is now appreciated that activation of such signaling pathways …