Pregnancy is a unique immunological state in which a balance of immune tolerance and
suppression is needed to protect the fetus without compromising the mother. It has long …

The maternal immune response is essential for successful pregnancy, promoting immune
tolerance to the fetus while maintaining innate and adaptive immunity. Uncontrolled …

Pregnancy presents the maternal immune system with a unique immunological challenge
since it has to defend against pathogens while tolerating paternal allo-antigens expressed …

During pregnancy, various immune effectors and molecules participating in the immune-
microenvironment establish specific maternal tolerance toward the semi-allogeneic fetus …

Pregnancy is a complex immunological state in which a bias towards T helper 2 (Th2)
protects the fetus. Evidence suggests that proinflammatory cytokines increase the risk of …

The syndrome of preeclampsia has previously been ascribed to generalized maternal
endothelial dysfunction, poor placentation and excessive maternal inflammatory response …

Evidence from studies on murine and human pregnancy points to a strong association
between maternal Th2-type immunity and successful pregnancy on the one hand and …

In brief The syndrome of preterm labor comprises multiple established and novel etiologies.
This review summarizes the distinct immune mechanisms implicated in preterm labor and …

BACKGROUND Preterm birth (PTB) is hypothesized to be an inflammatory response
disease. However, no single factor alone is likely to explain PTB risk. It is more probable that …

Citation Saito S, Nakashima A, Shima T, Ito M. Th1/Th2/Th17 and regulatory T‐cell paradigm
in pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2010 T‐helper (Th) cells play a central role in …