Chronic heart failure (CHF) remains the only cardiovascular disease with an increasing
hospitalization burden and an ongoing drain on health care expenditures. The prevalence of …

The public health impact and the need to intervene upon the worsening heart failure (HF)
epidemic are currently a matter of national interest. The greater than $39 billion annual cost …

Therapy has improved the survival of heart failure (HF) patients. However, many patients
progress to advanced chronic HF (ACHF). We propose a practical clinical definition and …

Heart failure is a major public health problem, with a patient population of at least 10 million
in Europe and approximately 5 million in North America. 1–3 Because of its age-dependent …

This article updates the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
(ESC) 2007 classification of advanced heart failure and describes new diagnostic and …

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome characterized by the inability of the heart to
maintain a normal cardiac output without elevated intracardiac filling pressures, resulting in …

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ContextAdvanced heart failure, defined as persistence of limiting symptoms despite therapy
with agents of proven efficacy, accounts for the majority of morbidity and mortality in heart …

Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome resulting from impairment of ventricular filling or
ejection of blood associated with symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and peripheral and/or …

Current medical treatment for the exacerbation of chronic heart failure resulting in hospitalization
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