Marine seismic surveys produce high intensity, low-frequency impulsive sounds at regular
intervals, with most sound produced between 10 and 300 Hz. Offshore seismic surveys have …

Offshore activities elevate ambient sound levels at sea, which may affect marine fauna. We
reviewed the literature about impact of airgun acoustic exposure on fish in terms of damage …

Until we gain more information on the impacts of manmade sounds on marine life, interim
procedures will have to be developed to assess the risks to fishes. effects of sound on …

Marine seismic surveys, which use loud, primarily low-frequency sound to penetrate the sea
floor, are known to disturb and could harm marine life. The use of these surveys for …

Marine seismic surveys use intense (eg≥ 230 decibel [dB] root mean square [RMS]) sound
impulses to explore the ocean bottom for hydrocarbon deposits, conduct geophysical …

Fishermen have long claimed that catch rates decline when a seismic survey starts on a
fishing ground. Likewise, both fishermen and scientists working on fish stock assessment …

Increasing attention is being paid to the ecological consequences of underwater noise
generated by human activities such as shipping and maritime industries including, but not …

Noise pollution is increasing globally, and as oceans are excellent conductors of sound, this
is a major concern for marine species reliant on sound for key life functions. Loud, impulsive …

This review highlights significant gaps in our knowledge of the effects of seismic air gun
noise on marine mammals. Although the characteristics of the seismic signal at different …

The primary environmental concern from marine seismic surveys is the effect of the low
frequency noise source on marine animals. A full spectrum of possible direct effects …