The constrained disorder principle (CDP) defines systems based on their degree of disorder
bounded by dynamic boundaries. The principle explains stochasticity in living and non-living …

The constrained disorder principle defines the existence and function of living organisms.
The principle specifies that biological systems comprise a disorder within constrained …

Improving the efficacy and overcoming the malfunctions of systems are significant
challenges. Variability characterizes all levels of complex biological systems. We reviewed …

Randomness characterizes many processes in nature, and therefore its importance cannot
be overstated. In the present study, we investigate examples of randomness found in various …

Disorder and noise are inherent in biological systems. They are required to provide systems
with the advantages required for proper functioning. Noise is a part of the flexibility and …

Stochasticity is harnessed by organisms to generate functionality. Randomness does not,
therefore, necessarily imply lack of function or 'blind chance'at higher levels. In this respect …

The finding that a large fraction of proteins (over 30%) in eukaryotic cells lack a unique three-
dimensional structure but are functional has forced the scientific community to review its …

Improving the function of biological systems represents a significant task in the fight to
control health conditions and slow down the aging process. Applying the laws of physics to a …

Noise permeates biology on all levels, from the most basic molecular, sub-cellular
processes to the dynamics of tissues, organs, organisms and populations. The functional …

Stochasticity is an essential aspect of biochemical processes at the cellular level. We now
know that living cells take advantage of stochasticity in some cases and counteract …