The pronounced daily variation in the release of adrenal hormones has been at the heart of
the deciphering and understanding of the circadian timing system. Indeed, the first …

The mammalian circadian timing system consists of a master pacemaker in the
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and subordinate clocks that disseminate time information to …

In the past decade, it has become increasingly evident that the circadian clock system plays
an important role in many physiological processes. The circadian clock can be divided into 2 …

Over recent years, a deeper comprehension of the molecular mechanisms that control
biological clocks and circadian rhythms has been achieved. In fact, many studies have …

The mammalian circadian timing system is organized in a hierarchy, with the master clock
residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus and subsidiary …

Hormones are major systemic regulators of homeostatic functions. Not surprisingly, most
endocrine signals show some extent of variation across the day. This holds true for the three …

Organisms have developed a highly conserved and tightly regulated circadian system, to
adjust their daily activities to day/night cycles. This system consists of a central clock, which …

A plethora of physiological processes show stable and synchronized daily oscillations that
are either driven or modulated by biological clocks. A circadian pacemaker located in the …

Background The circadian rhythm of about 24 hours is a fundamental physiological function
observed in almost all organisms from prokaryotes to humans. Identification of clock genes …

The circadian system is composed of coupled endogenous oscillators that allow living
beings, including humans, to anticipate and adapt to daily changes in their environment. In …