Experimental approaches directed at addressing these issues are limited by several
considerations. First, the close association between obesity and OSA often obscures …

ContextObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been increasingly implicated in the initiation and
progression of cardiovascular diseases. ObjectiveTo systematically review the interactions …

The repetitive respiratory events that characterize obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are each
followed by abrupt increases in heart rate and in pulmonary and systemic artery pressure …

Data from animal and human studies provide a biological plausibility to the notion that
obstructive sleep apnea activates pathways that lead to insulin resistance, atherosclerosis …

Conclusion Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the most common life-
threatening and debilitating diseases in the industrialized world. However, the incidence …

Considerable progress has been made regarding the interactions between sleep and
cardiovascular diseases1–3. Historically, a number of abnormalities have been linked with …

Over the past few decades, sleep apnea has emerged as an important potential etiologic
factor in a broad range of cardiac and vascular diseases. These disease conditions include …

A body of epidemiologic and clinical evidence dating back to the early 1960s establishes the
relationships between sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Individuals with …

Although obstructive sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease have common risk factors,
epidemiologic studies show that sleep apnea increases risks for cardiovascular disease …

Sleep apnea is highly prevalent in patients with cardiovascular disease. These disordered
breathing events are associated with a profile of perturbations that include intermittent …