Nitrogen-fixing organisms are of importance to the environment, providing bioavailable
nitrogen to the biosphere. Quantitative models have been used to complement the …

Nitrogen fixation is advantageous in microbial competition when bioavailable nitrogen is
scarce, but has substantial costs for growth rate and growth efficiency. To quantify these …

Background Bacterial nitrogen fixation is the biological process by which atmospheric
nitrogen is uptaken by bacteroids located in plant root nodules and converted into …

Nitrogen fixation provides bioavailable nitrogen, supporting global ecosystems and
influencing global cycles of other elements. It provides an additional source of nitrogen to …

Biological nitrogen fixation plays an important role in the global nitrogen cycle. However, the
fixation rate has been usually measured or estimated at a particular observational site. To …

N limitation to primary production and other ecosystem processes is widespread. To
understand the causes and distribution of N limitation, we must understand the controls of …

Dinitrogen fixation, the biocatalytic conversion of gaseous nitrogen (N2) to ammonium, is an
exclusive property of prokaryotes. The enzymes responsible for this reaction are …

I review metabolic sources of reductant and ATP used by nitrogenase for all known classes
of metabolism occurring among N 2-fixing organisms. The discussion centers on free-living …

An organism that can reduce dinitrogen (N 2) to ammonia (NH 3) has the task of
replenishing the biologically usable nitrogen on the planet and the reward of being able to …

Biological nitrogen fixation is discussed in terms of its possible evolution, its role in
undergirding global agriculture and sustaining the World's population, and its effects on air …