Iron is essential to virtually all organisms, but poses problems of toxicity and poor solubility.
Bacteria have evolved various mechanisms to counter the problems imposed by their iron …

Iron is an essential micronutrient, and, in the case of bacteria, its availability is commonly a
growth-limiting factor. However, correct functioning of cells requires that the labile pool of …

Most of the iron in a mammalian body is complexed with various proteins. Moreover, in
response to infection, iron availability is reduced in both extracellular and intracellular …

The use of iron as a cofactor in basic metabolic pathways is essential to both pathogenic
microorganisms and their hosts. It is also a pivotal component of the innate immune …

Bacteria that reside in animal tissues and/or cells must acquire iron from their host. However,
almost all of the host iron is sequestered in iron-containing compounds and proteins, the …

Preface. Iron is considered to be a minor element employed, in a variety of forms, by nearly
all living organisms. In some cases, it is utilised in large quantities, for instance for the …

▪ Abstract Iron is an essential element for most organisms, including bacteria. The oxidized
form is insoluble, and the reduced form is highly toxic for most macromolecules and, in …

Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes,
such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the …

Iron holds a central position at the host–pathogen interface because mammalian and
microbial cells have an essential demand for the metal, which is required for many metabolic …

Bacteria require iron for growth, with only a few reported exceptions. In many environments,
iron is a limiting nutrient for growth and high affinity uptake systems play a central role in iron …