Germinal centers (GCs) are important sites of antibody affinity maturation. In the classical
model, the GC dark zone contains large centroblasts that are rapidly proliferating and …

Germinal centers (GCs) were described more than 125 years ago as compartments within
secondary lymphoid organs that contained mitotic cells. Since then, it has become clear that …

The germinal center (GC) reaction produces high-affinity antibodies by random mutation and
selective clonal expansion of B cells with high-affinity receptors. The mechanism by which B …

Proliferation, mutation, and selection in the germinal center (GC) are thought to occur in
distinct microanatomical compartments—the dark zone (DZ) and the light zone (LZ). Thus …

Highlights•Germinal center clonal diversity is kept low by multiple bottlenecks.•Germinal
center selection is tightly linked to cellular dynamics.•T cell help regulates multiple aspects …

Germinal centers (GCs) are the site of antibody diversification and affinity maturation and as
such are vitally important for humoral immunity. The study of GC biology has undergone a …

INTRODUCTION Germinal centers (GCs) are transient microanatomic structures that form in
lymphoid organs during an immune response. They are the sites of B cell clonal expansion …

The germinal center (GC) is an important site for the generation and selection of B cells
bearing high-affinity antibodies, yet GC cell migration and interaction dynamics have not …

Germinal centers (GCs) require sustained availability of antigens to promote antibody affinity
maturation against pathogens and vaccines. A key source of antigens for GC B cells are …

Germinal center (GC) B cells cycle between the dark zone (DZ) and light zone (LZ) during
antibody affinity maturation. Whether this movement is necessary for GC function has not …