To identify new components that regulate the inflammatory cascade during sepsis, we
characterized the functions of myeloid-related protein-8 (Mrp8, S100A8) and myeloid-related …

Rationale: Myeloid-related protein-8 (MRP8) and MRP14 can form heterodimers that elicit a
variety of inflammatory responses. We showed that MRP8/14 is a ligand for Toll-like receptor …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediates lipopolysaccharide (LPS) signaling in a variety
of cell types. MD-2 is associated with the extracellular domain of TLR4 and augments TLR4 …

The high rate of mortality in patients with sepsis results from an inappropriately amplified
systemic inflammatory response to infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important for the …

Overactivation of the immune system upon acute bacterial infection leads to septic shock.
Specific bacterial products potently stimulate immune cells via toll-like receptors (TLRs) …

Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling by microbial signatures is critical to the
induction of immune responses. Such responses demand tight regulation. RP105 is a TLR …

Ligands from dying cells are a source of Toll-like receptor (TLR) activating agents. Although
TLR3 is known to respond to RNA from necrotic cells, the relative importance of this …

Hyporesponsiveness by phagocytes is a well-known phenomenon in sepsis that is
frequently induced by low-dose endotoxin stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) but can …

Gram-negative bacterial infection is a major cause of sepsis and septic shock. An important
inducer of inflammation underlying both syndromes is the cellular recognition of bacterial …

The human MD-2 molecule is associated with the extracellular domain of human Toll-like
receptor 4 (TLR4) and greatly enhances its LPS signaling. The human TLR4-MD-2 complex …