Neuropathic pain is rarely diagnosed. Oxyntomodulin is peripherally and centrally
distributed; however, the potential mechanisms underlying the effects of oxyntomodulin in …

In the present study, the antinociceptive profiles of oxyntomodulin were examined in ICR
mice. Oxyntomodulin administered intrathecally (it) and intracerebroventricularly (icv)(from 1 …

Background: Inflammatory pain mediated by nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signal pathway
has become an increasingly important clinical issue in the last decade. As a potent …

Background Neuropathic pain, a chronic condition with a high incidence, imposes
psychological burdens on both patients and society. It is urgent to improve pain …

Recent studies showed that the activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on dorsal root
ganglion (DRG) neurons might underlie neuropathic and inflammatory pain states. This …

Abstract Recently, α2-adrenoceptors (α2-AR) agonists have been shown to have anti-
nociceptive effects and thus may become a promising therapeutic strategy for neuropathic …

Background Anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) monoclonal antibodies (anti-NGF mAbs) have
been reported to significantly attenuate pain, but the mechanism involved has not been fully …

Neuropathic pain is chronic pain resulting from central or peripheral nerve damage that
remains difficult to treat. Current evidence suggests that nobiletin, isolated from Citrus …

Despite a large body of literature on the nociceptin (NC) opioid system in pain modulation,
the mechanism of action of NC remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the role …

Peripheral nerve injury resulting in neuropathic pain induces the upregulation of interleukin
(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, which binds to tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) …