Prostate cancer is characterized by a high degree of heterogeneity, which poses a major
challenge to precision therapy and drug development. In this review, we discuss how …

Prostate cancer (PCa) is by far the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men worldwide.
Despite sensitivity to androgen deprivation, patients with advanced disease eventually …

Despite the high long-term survival in localized prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer
remains largely incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. The lethality of advanced …

Over the past several years, analyses of data from high-throughput studies have elucidated
many fundamental insights into prostate cancer biology. These insights include the …

PURPOSE: Tumor cell genotype and phenotype have been considered the only
determinants supporting cancer growth and metastasis. This review focuses on the …

Recently, many therapeutic agents for prostate cancer have been approved that target the
androgen receptor and/or the prostate tumor microenvironment. Each of these therapies has …

Solid tumors can be thought of as multicellular'organs' that consist of a variety of cells as well
as a scaffold of noncellular matrix. Stromal–epithelial crosstalk is integral to prostate cancer …

Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogeneous disease, with some men having indolent
disease that can safely be observed, while others have aggressive, lethal disease. Over the …

Background Patients diagnosed with high risk localized prostate cancer have variable
outcomes following surgery. Trials of intense neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy …

Tumor heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of cancer and a challenge in the field of
oncology. Tumor heterogeneity is the main cause of drug resistance, leading to therapeutic …