Proper astroglial functioning is essential for the development and survival of neurons and
oligodendroglia under physiologic and pathological circumstances. Indeed, malfunctioning …

Reactive astrogliosis is an essential feature of astrocytic response to all forms of central
nervous system (CNS) injury and disease, which may benefit or harm surrounding neural …

Extracellular accumulation of toxic concentrations of glutamate (Glu) is a hallmark of many
neurodegenerative diseases, often accompanied by hypoxia and impaired metabolism of …

Astrocyte activation is one of the crucial hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) along with
amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles and neuron death. Glial scar and factors …

The etiology of astrocyte dysfunction is not well understood even though neuronal defects
have been extensively studied in a variety of neuronal degenerative diseases. Astrocyte …

Aging induces substantial remodeling of glia, including density, morphology, cytokine
expression, and phagocytic capacity. Alterations of glial cells, such as hypertrophy of …

Cytotoxic brain edema, usually a consequence of astrocyte swelling, is an important
complication of stroke, traumatic brain injury, hepatic encephalopathy, and other …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disorder. It is characterized
clinically by progressive memory loss and impaired cognitive function. Its progression occurs …

In normal retinas, amyloid‐β (Aβ) accumulates in the subretinal space, at the interface of the
retinal pigment epithelium, and the photoreceptor outer segments. However, the molecular …

The pathological basis of neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (HI) brain damage is characterized by
neuronal cell loss. Oxidative stress is thought to be one of the main causes of HI‐induced …