Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is the complete blockage of a vessel and usually has serious
consequences if not treated in a timely fashion. The blockage could be due to atheromatous …

Any definition of coronary CTO must consider the degree of lumen narrowing, antegrade
blood flow grade, and age of the occlusion. CTOs are characterized by significant …

Chronic total occlusions remain one of the last frontiers in interventional cardiology, with far
lower procedural success rates compared with other lesion subsets. The benefits of …

Successful recanalization and percutaneous revascularization of coronary arteries with
chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the “last frontiers” in coronary interventions …

In a retrospective study of 365 chronic total occlusions that were submitted for angioplasty,
we studied the influence of 27 clinical, morphologic, and procedural variables as possible …

Use of the retrograde approach significantly improves the success rate of chronic total
occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention. The most commonly applied …

Patients with a chronic coronary occlusion often undergo coronary angiography after weeks
to months of occlusion. The published reports underestimate the extent of this problem …

Aims This study assessed changes in left ventricular ejection fraction and regional radial
shortening after successful angioplasty of chronic coronary occlusions. Methods We studied …

Eighty‐three consecutive patients with 85 coronary total occlusions undergoing coronary
angioplasty were retrospectively studied. Patients were divided into two groups according to …

Aims The retrograde approach via septal or epicardial collaterals holds promise in
improving the success rate of chronic total occlusion (CTO) recanalisation but is still viewed …