The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) acts as a moving organelle with many important cellular
functions. As the ER lacks sufficient nutrients under pathological conditions leading to …

Cells activate protective mechanisms to overcome stressful conditions that threaten cellular
homeostasis, including imbalances in calcium, redox, and nutrient levels. Endoplasmic …

Different physiological and pathological conditions can perturb protein folding in the
endoplasmic reticulum, leading to a condition known as ER stress. ER stress activates a …

Eukaryotic cells respond to various types of stresses caused by changes in the extracellular
environment. Intracellular factors, such as the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the …

Cancer cells encounter numerous stresses that pose a threat to their survival. Tumor
microenviroment stresses that perturb protein homeostasis can produce endoplasmic …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle that is essential for multiple cellular
functions. During cellular stress conditions, including nutrient deprivation and dysregulation …

Disturbance in the folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), caused by a variety of
endogenous and exogenous insults, prompts a cellular stress condition known as ER stress …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is not only responsible for protein synthesis and folding but
also plays a critical role in sensing cellular stress and maintaining cellular homeostasis …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential organelle in eukaryotic cells for the storage
and regulated release of calcium and as the entrance to the secretory pathway. Protein …

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the quality control of secreted protein via
promoting the correct folding of nascent protein and mediating the degradation of unfolded …