Each year, more than 4 million people die early because of outdoor air pollution, according
to the World Health Organization (WHO). The main culprits are fine particles with diameters …

Fine particulate matter (PM) of diameter less than 2.5 microns (PM 2.5) is ubiquitous,
emanating especially from transport and combustion sources. Since a seminal 1993 study …

Recognition of polluted outdoor air as a threat to human health can be traced back at least
2400 years, in the book Airs, Waters, and Places attributed to Hippocrates, a Greek …

Particulate matter (PM) is both a major driver of climate change and a source of toxicity for
health. In the upper atmosphere, particulate matter modifies the earth radiation budget …

Published by AAAS in the early 1990s that tracked more than half a million individuals in
cleaner and dirtier cities for many years suggested that PM was shortening the lives of …

Despite past improvements in air quality, very large parts of the population in urban areas
breathe air that does not meet European standards let alone the health-based World Health …

Air pollution is high on the global agenda and is widely recognised as a threat to both public
health and economic progress. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 4.2 …

Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) is the leading global environmental risk
factor for mortality and disease burden, with associated annual global welfare costs of …

The World Health Organization (WHO) recently released new guidelines for outdoor fine
particulate air pollution (PM2. 5) recommending an annual average concentration of 5 …

The main objective of these updated global guidelines is to offer health-based air quality
guideline levels, expressed as long-term or short-term concentrations for six key air …