Understanding the structure and dynamics of water's constituent ions, proton and hydroxide,
has been a subject of numerous experimental and theoretical studies over the last century …

The excess proton in aqueous media plays a pivotal role in many fundamental chemical (eg,
acid− base chemistry) and biological (eg, bioenergetics and enzyme catalysis) processes …

Although it has long been recognized that multiple water molecules strongly associate with
an extra proton in bulk water, some models and conceptual frameworks continue to utilize …

Significant effort has been undertaken to better understand the molecular details governing
the propensity of ions for the air–water interface. Facilitated by computationally efficient …

The excess proton mobility in water has attracted scientific attention for more than a century.
Detailed theoretical concepts and models are also presently in strong focus in efforts toward …

The higher tendency for anions to accumulate at the salt aqueous solution/air interface than
that of cations has been observed experimentally and theoretically, suggesting that the size …

Proton transfer via hydronium and hydroxide ions in water is ubiquitous. It underlies acid–
base chemistry, certain enzyme reactions, and even infection by the flu. Despite two …

The proton is the smallest atomic particle, and in aqueous solution it is the smallest hydrated
ion, having only two waters in its first hydration shell. In this article we survey key aspects of …

The hydroxide ion (OH-) has an unusually high mobility in water, comparable to that of the
proton. However, a consensus view of the OH-mobility mechanism and its solvation structure …

Proton transfer in water is ubiquitous and a critical elementary event that, via proton hopping
between water molecules, enables protons to diffuse much faster than other ions. The …