Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) lyse virally infected cells that display viral peptide epitopes
in association with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules on the cell …

Like other pathogenic viruses, HIV–1 down–modulates surface expression of major
histocompatibility complex class I (MHC–I) molecules in infected cells, thus impairing lysis …

HIV-1-infected cells can avoid cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing by Nef-mediated down-
regulation of surface MHC I. Here, we show that HIV-1 Nef inhibits MHC II restricted peptide …

Despite a strong cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) response directed against viral antigens,
untreated individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV‐1) develop …

Although Nef has been proposed to effect the escape of human immunodeficiency virus type
1 (HIV-1) from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) through downmodulation of major …

Nef, an essential pathogenic determinant for human immunodeficiency virus type 1, has
multiple functions that include disruption of major histocompatibility complex class I …

ABSTRACT A previous study using a Nef-defective human immunodeficiency virus type 1
(HIV-1) mutant suggested that Nef-mediated down-regulation of HLA class I on the infected …

Abstract A DECLINE in the T-cell population usually marks the onset of progressive
immunological disease in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) …

Abstract Major-histocompatibility-complex (MHC) proteins are used to display, on the
surface of a cell, peptides derived from foreign material—such as a virus—that is infecting …

By using target cells that expressed only the regulatory NEF protein of the human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we were able to identify specific cytolytic T cells (CTL) from …