Microglia, the immune cells of the brain, are highly plastic and possess multiple functional
phenotypes. Differences in phenotype in different regions and different states of epileptic …

Microglia are the resident immune cells in the brain that constitute the brain's innate immune
system. Recent studies have revealed various functions of microglia in the development and …

Microglia are brain-resident immune cells that contribute to the maintenance of brain
homeostasis. In the epileptic brain, microglia show various activation phenotypes depending …

Epilepsy is one of most common chronic neurological disorders, and the antiseizure
medications developed by targeting neurocentric mechanisms have not effectively reduced …

Aims The causes of distinct patterns of reduced cortical thickness in the common human
epilepsies, detectable on neuroimaging and with important clinical consequences, are …

Epilepsy has remained a significant social concern and financial burden globally. Current
therapeutic strategies are based primarily on neurocentric mechanisms that have not proven …

Background Microglia cells are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system and
are considered its first line of defense. In the normal brain, their ramified processes are …

Seizure disorders are common, affecting both the young and the old. Currently available
antiseizure drugs are ineffective in a third of patients and have been developed with a focus …

Microglial activation has been recognized as a major contributor to inflammation of the
epileptic brain. Seizures are commonly accompanied by remarkable microgliosis and loss of …

Objective To characterize the changes in microglial proinflammatory M1 and
antiinflammatory M2 marker expression during epileptogenesis in the chronic pilocarpine …