Aim: Vascular calcification, a major complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), refers to
the mineralization of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), resulting from a phenotypic …

Vascular calcification (VC) is characterized by calcium deposition inside arteries and is
closely associated with the morbidity and mortality of atherosclerosis, chronic kidney …

Aim: Vascular calcification, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in patients
with chronic kidney disease (CKD), refers to the mineralization of vascular smooth muscle …

Vascular calcification is a pathologic phenomenon in which calcium phosphate is ectopically
deposited in the arteries. Previously, calcification was considered to be a passive process in …

Vascular calcification (VC) occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and
contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction and mortality. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a …

Arterial calcification is common in vascular diseases and involves conversion of vascular
smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to an osteoblast phenotype. Clinical studies suggest that the …

Hypercholesterolemia plays an important role in the initiation and progression of
atherosclerosis and has a positive correlation with cardiovascular disease. Calcification is a …

Although hypertension and vascular calcification are well established as important risk
factors for several cardiovascular diseases, the relationship between them is unknown …

A pathologic osteochondrogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC s)
promotes arterial calcifications, a process associated with significant morbidity and mortality …

Controlling the development of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease is essential,
because it is associated with increased cardiovascular pathology. However, the precise …