The tumor microenvironment plays a critical regulatory role in cancer progression, especially
in central nervous system metastases. Cancer cells within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) …

Brain metastasis still encompass very grim prognosis and therefore understanding the
underlying mechanisms is an urgent need toward developing better therapeutic strategies …

While the importance of iron for tumor development is widely appreciated, the exact sources
of tumor-supporting iron largely remain elusive. The possibility that iron might be provided …

The innate immune molecule Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was initially shown to combat bacterial
infection by binding bacterial siderophores, hence impairing microbial iron sequestration. In …

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) has a marked propensity to metastasize to the central
nervous system (CNS). In contrast to brain metastases from solid tumours, metastases of …

Abstract Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is an acute-phase protein that, by binding to iron-loaded
siderophores, acts as a potent bacteriostatic agent in the iron-depletion strategy of the …

We molecularly dissected leptomeningeal metastasis, or spread of cancer to the
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is a frequent and fatal condition mediated by unknown …

Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is a devastating complication of solid tumor malignancies,
with dire prognosis and no effective systemic treatment options. Over the past decade, the …

INTRODUCTION Most cancer patients die from cancer that recurs after spreading to a
different tissue, rather than from their original tumor. After successful treatment of the original …

Metastatic disease is the main cause of death in cancer patients. Despite its devastating
effects, the complex processes that lead to metastasis are poorly understood. During their …