Deer antlers are a bony organ solely able to acquired distinct unique attributes during
evolution and all these attributes are against thus far known natural rules. One of them is as …

A recent study showed that antlers have evolved a high rate of growth due to the expression
of proto-oncogenes and that they have also evolved to express several tumour suppressor …

Background: Compared with other vertebrate taxa, mammals possess a very limited capacity
for appendage regeneration. The antlers of deer are an exception in that they are …

Deer antler is the only mammalian organ that can fully grow back once lost from its pedicle–
the base from which it grows. Therefore, antlers probably offer the most pertinent model for …

Many organisms are able to regenerate lost or damaged body parts that are structural and
functional replicates of the original. Eventually these become fully integrated into pre …

Antlers are the only mammalian appendages capable of epimorphic regeneration and thus
provide a unique model for investigating the mechanisms that underlie mammalian …

Annual antler renewal presents the only case of epimorphic regeneration (de novo formation
of a lost appendage distal to the level of amputation) in mammals. Epimorphic regeneration …

Generally, mammals are unable to regenerate complex tissues and organs however the
deer antler provides a rare anomaly to this rule. This osseous cranial appendage which is …

Deer antlers are the only mammalian appendage to display an annual cycle of full
regeneration. The growth phase in antler involves the rapid proliferation of several tissues …

Deer antlers are extraordinary mammalian organs that can fully regenerate annually. Antler
renewal is a stem cell-based epimorphic process and antler stem (AS) cells can initiate de …