All living organisms are subject to changing environments, which must be sensed in order to
respond swiftly and efficiently. Two-component systems (TCS) are signal transduction …

Two-component signal transduction systems allow bacteria to sense and respond rapidly to
changes in their environment leading to specific gene activation or repression. These two …

Two-component systems (TCS) comprising sensor histidine kinases and response regulator
proteins are among the most important players in bacterial and archaeal signal transduction …

Bacteria sense and respond to their environment through the use of two‐component
regulatory systems. The ability to adapt to a wide range of environmental stresses is directly …

Two‐component system (TCS) signaling circuits regulate numerous cellular processes in
response to environmental cues in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. These signaling …

The survival ofbacteria depends on constant sensing oftheir environment and adapting to
changes, these processes require signal transduction across biological membranes. A …

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
27599-7290, USA silversr@ med. unc. edu 1986 was a very good year for research on …

Two-component systems (TCSs) and phosphorelays are key mediators of bacterial signal
transduction. The signals activating these systems promote the phosphorylated state of a …

Bacteria adapt to changes in their environment using a mechanism known as the two-
component regulatory system (TCS)(also called “two-component signal transduction system” …

The bacterial communities in a wide range of environmental niches sense and respond to
numerous external stimuli for their survival. Primarily, a source they require to follow up this …