Synthetic bone substitute materials (BSMs) are becoming the general trend, replacing
autologous grafting for bone tissue engineering (BTE) in orthopedic research and clinical …

Bone regeneration or restoration is a series of well-ordered physiological activities that
occur throughout a person's life, they are continuously being repaired and remodeled. A …

Bone is consisted of bone matrix, cells and bioactive factors, and bone matrix is the
combination of inorganic minerals and organic polymers. Type I collagen fibril made of five …

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in using biomimetic materials for bone
tissue engineering. However, the high immunogenicity and low mechanical properties of …

Bone defect due to diseases or injuries is one of the significant health concerns in the
present times, more so among the aging population. With rapid advancements in the field of …

Collagen type I is the main organic constituent of the bone extracellular matrix and has been
used for decades as scaffolding material in bone tissue engineering approaches when …

In the last decades, increased knowledge about the organization, structure and properties of
collagen (particularly concerning interactions between cells and collagen-based materials) …

Successful regeneration of large segmental bone defects remains a major challenge in
clinical orthopedics, thus it is of important significance to fabricate a suitable alternative …

Collagen is commonly used as a regenerative biomaterial due to its excellent
biocompatibility and wide distribution in tissues. Different kinds of hybridization or cross-links …

Bone is a hard-connective tissue composed of matrix, cells and bioactive factors with a
hierarchical structure, where the matrix is mainly composed of type I collagen and …