Immunotherapy-induced cytotoxic T follicular helper cells reduce numbers of retrovirus-infected reservoir cells in B cell follicles

A Malyshkina, W Bayer, P Podschwadt, L Otto… - PLoS …, 2023 - journals.plos.org
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) transformed HIV from a life-threatening disease to a chronic
condition. However, eliminating the virus remains an elusive therapy goal. For several …

Chronic retroviral infection of mice promotes tumor development, but CD137 agonist therapy restores effective tumor immune surveillance

A Malyshkina, E Littwitz-Salomon, K Sutter… - Cancer Immunology …, 2019 - Springer
T cell responses are crucial for anti-tumor immunity. In chronic viral infections, anti-tumor T
cell responses can be compromised due to various immunological mechanisms, including T …

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Playing Hide-and-Seek: Understanding the TFH Cell Reservoir and Proposing Strategies to Overcome the Follicle Sanctuary

YA Leong, A Atnerkar, D Yu - Frontiers in Immunology, 2017 - frontiersin.org
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects millions of people worldwide, and new cases
continue to emerge. Once infected, the virus cannot be cleared by the immune system and …

Follicular CD8 T cells accumulate in HIV infection and can kill infected cells in vitro via bispecific antibodies

C Petrovas, S Ferrando-Martinez, MY Gerner… - Science translational …, 2017 - science.org
Cytolytic CD8 T cells play a crucial role in the control and elimination of virus-infected cells
and are a major focus of HIV cure efforts. However, it has been shown that HIV-specific CD8 …

The B-cell follicle in HIV infection: barrier to a cure

MP Bronnimann, PJ Skinner, E Connick - Frontiers in immunology, 2018 - frontiersin.org
The majority of HIV replication occurs in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) such as the
spleen, lymph nodes, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Within SLOs, HIV RNA+ cells are …

Infection of B cell follicle-resident cells by Friend retrovirus occurs during acute infection and is maintained during viral persistence

S Windmann, L Otto, CP Hrycak, A Malyshkina… - MBio, 2019 - Am Soc Microbiol
ABSTRACT B cell follicles of the spleen and lymph nodes are immune privileged sites and
serve as sanctuaries for infected CD4+ cells in HIV infection. It is assumed that CD8+ T cell …

Differentiation and function of follicular CD8 T cells during human immunodeficiency virus infection

M Xiao, X Chen, R He, L Ye - Frontiers in Immunology, 2018 - frontiersin.org
The combination antiretroviral therapeutic (cART) regime effectively suppresses human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and prevents progression to acquired …

Follicular Regulatory CD8 T Cells Impair the Germinal Center Response in SIV and Ex Vivo HIV Infection

B Miles, SM Miller, JM Folkvord, DN Levy… - PLoS …, 2016 - journals.plos.org
During chronic HIV infection, viral replication is concentrated in secondary lymphoid follicles.
Cytotoxic CD8 T cells control HIV replication in extrafollicular regions, but not in the follicle …

Expansion of HIV-specific T follicular helper cells in chronic HIV infection

M Lindqvist, J Van Lunzen… - The Journal of …, 2012 - Am Soc Clin Investig
HIV targets CD4 T cells, which are required for the induction of high-affinity antibody
responses and the formation of long-lived B cell memory. The depletion of antigen-specific …

The human IL-15 superagonist ALT-803 directs SIV-specific CD8+ T cells into B-cell follicles

GM Webb, S Li, G Mwakalundwa, JM Folkvord… - Blood …, 2018 - ashpublications.org
Sequestering of latent HIV in follicular helper T cells within B-cell follicles that largely
exclude cytotoxic T cells is a major barrier to cellular immune-based approaches to …