Background The aim of the study was to compare the proposed spinal anesthetic effect of
ifenprodil, an a1 adrenergic receptor antagonist, with that of the long-acting local anesthetic …

The purpose of this study was to estimate the local anesthetic effect of orphenadrine, an anti-
muscarinic agent, in spinal anesthesia and its comparison with the local anesthetic …

Objectives The aim of this experiment was mainly to examine the effects of intrathecally
injected doxylamine and triprolidine, two antihistamine drugs spinal motor and sensory …

This study aimed to assess the local anesthetic effects of chlorpheniramine in spinal
anesthesia and is compared with mepivacaine, a widely-used local anesthetic. Spinal …

Although nisoxetine has been shown to elicit cutaneous (peripheral) anesthesia, spinal
(central) anesthesia with nisoxetine was not exposed. The aim of this study was to examine …

Background: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are commonly used orally for treating chronic
pain states, such as neuropathic pain. TCAs produce analgesia by various mechanisms …

Although memantine blocks sodium currents and produces local skin anesthesia, spinal
anesthesia with memantine is unknown. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the local …

The aim of this study evaluated the spinal anesthetic effect of verapamil and diltiazem. After
rats were injected intrathecally with verapamil and diltiazem, dose–response curves were …

The aim of this study was to evaluate the local anesthetic effects of pheniramine and
diphenhydramine, two histamine H1 receptor antagonists, on spinal anesthesia and their …

Although isoflurane, a non-water soluble agent, has been known to block Na+ currents, its
spinal anesthetic effect was not exposed. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the …