Foodborne pathogens could be transferred to food from food contact surfaces contaminated
by poor hygiene or biofilm formation. The food processing industry has various conditions …

Food contact surfaces (FCSs) include all surfaces that may come in contact with the food
during production, processing, and packaging. Food processing industries encounter …

Illness as the result of ingesting bacterially contaminated foodstuffs represents a significant
annual loss of human quality of life and economic impact globally. Significant research …

The problem of creating microbiologically-safe food with an acceptable shelf-life and quality
for the consumer is a constant challenge for the food industry. Microbial decontamination in …

Pathogens and spoiling microorganisms which adhere to interior equipment surfaces may
be transferred to food products during their processing. To improve the hygiene during food …

Attachment of potential spoilage and pathogenic bacteria to food contact surfaces and the
subsequent biofilm formation represent serious challenges to the meat industry, since these …

Fouling of complex food components onto food-processing materials affects food quality,
food safety, and operating efficiency. Developments in nonfouling and fouling-release …

Microbial contamination of food-contact surfaces is an ongoing concern for the food industry.
Under favorable conditions, bacterial cells can adhere and reproduce. Such …

Food and beverages can be very aggressive chemical milieu and may interact strongly with
materials that they touch. Whenever food is placed in contact with another substance, there …

Publisher Summary In the food industry, food contact surfaces are generally described as
being “open” or “closed”. Closed surfaces are primarily pipework, where wet product or …