Increasing numbers of adults, particularly college students, are misusing prescription
stimulants primarily for cognitive/academic enhancement, so it is critical to explore whether …

Use of prescription stimulants by normal healthy individuals to enhance cognition is said to
be on the rise. Who is using these medications for cognitive enhancement, and how …

The use of prescription stimulants to enhance healthy cognition has significant social,
ethical, and public health implications. The large number of enhancement users across …

Rational At all times humans have made attempts to improve their cognitive abilities by
different means, among others, with the use of stimulants. Widely available stimulants such …

The relevant literature concerning cognitive effects of amphetamine and methylphenidate,
was reviewed, with an emphasis on research conducted in adults diagnosed with attention …

Psychostimulants such as cocaine have been used as performance enhancers throughout
recorded history. Although psychostimulants are commonly prescribed to improve attention …

Prescription stimulants, including methylphenidate (eg, Ritalin) and amphetamine
compounds (eg, dextroamphetamine; Adderall), have been approved by the US Food and …

Highlights•Effects on cognition are small to moderate both in patients and healthy
individuals.•There is paucity of long-term studies on cognitive effects of …

Recent increases in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnoses, and the
escalation of stimulant prescriptions, has raised concern about diversion and abuse of …

Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with a broad range
of deficits in cognitive functions which has significant implications for quality of life …