Abstract Background Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) have been shown to
exhibit endocrine disrupting properties. Their effects on women's reproductive health …

BACKGROUND Cadmium, lead and mercury have been identified in human follicular fluid
and ovarian tissue, and have been associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in …

Trace exposures to metals may affect female reproductive health. To assess the relation
between trace concentrations of blood metals and female fecundity, 99 non-pregnant …

Background Infertility has been confirmed as a significant medical and social problem.
Heavy metal exposure refers to a risk factor for infertility, which is capable of damaging the …

Lead and cadmium are known to be potential female reproductive toxins. However, studies
on the relationship between these metals and infertility are limited. This study examines the …

Multiple factors could affect estrogen levels in the body; however, the impact of exposure to
endocrine-disrupting chemicals on estrogen levels in humans remains inconclusive. This …

Cadmium and lead are known to interfere with the endocrine function. Thus, hormonally
regulated processes such as menarche, menopause and pregnancy are likely influenced by …

An evolving body of evidence supports that cadmium, a non-essential heavy metal, may be
associated with multiple adverse women's reproductive health outcomes. Our objective was …

Background: Metals can interfere with hormonal functioning by binding at the receptor site
and through indirect mechanisms; thus, they may be associated with hormonal changes in …

We investigated the effect of lead, cadmium and mercury exposure on pregnancy and
fertilization rate outcome among 619 Saudi women (age 19–50 years) who sought in-vitro …