Activity-dependent release of ATP from synapses, axons and glia activates purinergic
membrane receptors that modulate intracellular calcium and cyclic AMP. This enables glia to …

Astrocytes are ideally situated to integrate glial and neuronal functions and neurovascular
coupling by way of their multiple contacts with neurons, glia and blood vessels. There is a …

Astrocytes are fundamental for central nervous system (CNS) physiology and are the fulcrum
of neurological diseases. Astroglial cells control development of the nervous system …

Abstract The adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohman, Cyrus
Hartwell Fiske, and Yellagaprada SubbaRow, acts as an important extracellular signaling …

The purine ATP has a prominent regulatory role in CNS function and pathology due to its
actions on glial cells-microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. ATP serves as an …

ATP released from the synaptic terminals and astrocytes can activate neuronal P2 receptors
at a variety of locations across the CNS. Although the postsynaptic ATP-mediated signalling …

ATP is a cotransmitter with glutamate, noradrenaline, GABA, acetylcholine and dopamine in
the brain. There is a widespread presence of both adenosine (P1) and P2 nucleotide …

Extracellular ATP released from axons is known to assist activity-dependent signaling
between neurons and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Here we report that …

Abstract Extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) was proposed to be an activity-
dependent signaling molecule that regulates glia–glia and glia–neuron communications …

This review discusses the evidence supporting a role for ATP signaling (operated by P 2 X
and P 2 Y receptors) and adenosine signaling (mainly operated by A 1 and A 2A receptors) …