This paper focusses on the links between growth, persistence and decay of sea ice and the
structure of Antarctic marine ecosystems on different spatial and temporal scales. Sea-ice …

Ice structures found in Antarctic sea ice and related morphological processes are
summarized, including: frazil ice growth; the flooded snow layer; pressure ridge induced …

Apart from harbouring a diverse group of autotrophs, bacteria and protozoans Garrison,
1991; Lizotte, Chapter 6), sea ice is also a feeding ground, refuge and breeding or nursery …

Despite being one of the largest biomes on earth, sea ice ecosystems have only received
intensive study over the past 30 years. Sea ice is a unique habitat for assemblages of …

The sea ice which covers large areas of the polar regions plays a major role in the marine
ecosystem of both the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Not only do warmblooded animals …

The Arctic ocean is a major component of the world's atmospheric ocean system and within
this ocean, sea ice is the key dominant environmental feature. This three to five metre thick …

Seasonal sea ice interacts with biological phenomena in many different ways, and is a very
important facet of high latitude ecosystems. On the simplest level, it reduces the input of light …

The sea ice does not only determine the ecology of ice biota, but it also influences the
pelagic systems under the ice cover and at ice edges. In this paper, new estimates of Arctic …

Polar environments are characterized by unique physical and chemical conditions for the
development of life. Low temperatures and the seasonality of light create one of the most …

Both polar regions are covered by extensive seasonal sea ice which is inhabited by a variety
of plants and animals. The number of organisms living in the sea ice may exceed those in …