HIV, the causative agent of AIDS, has a complex evolutionary history involving several cross-
species transmissions and recombination events as well as changes in the repertoire and …

Etiology, transmission and protection: Transmission of HIV, the causative agent of AIDS,
occurs predominantly through bodily fluids. Factors that significantly alter the risk of HIV …

This review examines the enormous progress that has been made in the past decade in
understanding the origin of HIV, HIV genetic variability, and the impact of global HIV diversity …

In the absence of treatment, HIV-1 infection, usually starting with a single virion, leads
inexorably to a catastrophic decline in the numbers of CD4+ T cells and to AIDS …

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) of humans is caused by two lentiviruses,
human immunodeficiency viruses types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Here, we describe the …

HIV-1 is the single most important sexually transmitted disease in humans from a global
health perspective. Among human lentiviruses, HIV-1 M group has uniquely achieved …

Background Why some individuals develop AIDS rapidly whereas others remain healthy
without treatment for many years remains a central question of HIV research. Of the …

The continuous evolution and adaptation of HIV to its host has produced extensive global
viral diversity. Understanding the kinetics and directions of this continuing adaptation and its …

Understanding the evolution of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is crucial for
reconstructing its origin, deciphering its interaction with the immune system and developing …

HIV-1 employs a rich arsenal of viral factors throughout its life cycle and co-opts intracellular
trafficking pathways. This exquisitely coordinated process requires precise manipulation of …