Premature ATH is a major cause of increased morbidity and mortality in SLE. Urowitz and
colleagues 1 first described a bimodal pattern of mortality in SLE in 1976, with early deaths …

Whether atherosclerosis is accelerated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
is not a matter of debate any more. Since Urowitz, et al's first study1, myocardial infarction …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex multisystem disease characterized by
chronic inflammation, which may involve virtually every organ. Early in the twentieth century …

Autoimmune diseases are associated with higher rates of cardiovascular morbidity and
mortality, primarily secondary to accelerated atherosclerosis. This phenomenon can be …

Basic science insights along with the assessment of risk factors so clearly documented by
the Canadian and Hopkins cohorts in earlier papers of this special issue have clearly led to …

(SLE) have become apparent in recent years. First, probably because of increased
awareness and testing, the incidence of SLE appears to have tripled to 5.56 per 100 000 …

With improved treatment modalities and survival rates, patients with systemic lupus
erythematosus live longer and their co-morbidities have become more apparent. Of great …

Introduction SLE is increasingly recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular
disease. Premature CAD and several other cardiac manifestations are resulting in significant …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem disorder of presumed
autoimmune origin. Although recognized in antiquity, it is only in the latter half of this century …

Among the clinical challenges of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), one of the most
compelling is the high incidence of atherosclerosis in young women. Initially noted in …