Nature provides a rich source of information for the design of novel materials; yet there
remain significant challenges in the design and manufacture of materials that replicate the …

Nature provides an endless source of inspiration for advanced materials, fuelled by
evolutionary innovations over many millions of years. Capitalizing on this wealth of …

Recent far-reaching advances in synthetic biology have yielded exciting tools for the
creation of new materials. Conversely, advances in the fundamental understanding of soft …

Over the past decade, biology has had a profound influence on materials science and
engineering, and much of this influence is yet to come. The tools of nanotechnology have …

Utilizing various materials is fundamental for the production of physical objects. However,
processing raw materials during production often leads to complex transformations that …

Natural materials, such as bone, integrate living cells composed of organic molecules
together with inorganic components. This enables combinations of functionalities, such as …

Nature is a school for human beings. Learning from nature has long been a source of
bioinspiration for scientists and engineers. Multiscale structures are characteristic for …

Biological systems generate a wealth of materials, and their design principles inspire and
inform scientists from a broad range of fields. Nature often adapts hierarchical multilevel …

Scientists have long desired to create synthetic systems that function with the precision and
efficiency of biological systems. Using new techniques, researchers are now uncovering …

Nature has achieved materials with properties and mechanisms that go far beyond the
current know-how of the engineering-materials industry. The remarkable efficiency of …