The ability to develop and sustain populations of memory T cells after infection or
immunization is a hallmark of the adaptive immune response and a basis for protective …

Following infection, T cells differentiate into a heterogeneous population of effector T cells
that can mediate pathogen clearance. A subset of these effector T cells possesses the ability …

Immunological memory is one of the features that define the adaptive immune response: by
generating specific memory cells after infection or vaccination, the host provides itself with a …

One outcome of infection is the formation of long-lived immunological memory, which
provides durable protection from symptomatic re-infection. In response to infection or …

Immunization in the absence of CD4+ T cell help results in defective CD8+ T cell memory,
deficient recall responses and diminished protective immunity. Here we investigated at what …

In response to infection, antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells undergo massive expansion in
numbers, acquire effector mechanisms, and disseminate throughout the body. The …

While many aspects of memory T‐cell immunobiology have been characterized, we suggest
that we know only a fraction of the effector functions that CD4 T cells can bring to bear during …

CD8+ T cells play a crucial role in controlling intracellular pathogens. The level of memory
CD8+ T cells developing after vaccination or infection influences the degree of T cell …

A critical aim of vaccine‐related research is to identify the mechanisms by which memory T
cells are formed and maintained over long periods of time. In recent years, we have …

The immune system has evolved by continuously increasing its complexity to provide the
host with an advantage over infectious agents. The development of immunological memory …