Background Air pollution, road traffic noise, and green space are correlated factors,
associated with risk of stroke. We investigated their independent relationship with stroke in …

Exposure to road traffic noise and air pollution have both been associated with risk for
stroke. The few studies including both exposures show inconsistent results. We aimed to …

Background Long-term air pollution is a risk factor for stroke. Which types and sources of air
pollution contribute most to stroke in populations is unknown. We investigated whether risk …

Background Evidence for the association between environmental exposures and ischemic
stroke (IS) is limited and inconsistent. We aimed to assess the relationship between …

Ambient air pollution has been linked to stroke, but few studies have examined in detail
stroke subtypes and confounding by road traffic noise, which was recently associated with …

Background Long-term exposure to outdoor air pollution increases the risk of cardiovascular
disease, but evidence is unclear on the health effects of exposure to pollutant concentrations …

Background: Few studies have investigated effects of air pollution on the incidence of
cerebrovascular events. Objectives: We assessed the association between long-term …

Introduction The complex interplay of multiple environmental factors and cardiovascular has
scarcely been studied. Within the EXPANSE project, we evaluated the association between …

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and the second most common cause of death
worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests that air pollution is an emerging risk factor for …

Background and Purpose—Current evidence suggests that stroke mortality and hospital
admissions should be higher in areas with elevated levels of outdoor air pollution because …