Innate and adaptive immune cell activation and infiltration is the key characteristic of tissue
inflammation. The innate immune system is the front line of host defense in which innate …

The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress. The
aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a) the role of redox-sensitive transcription …

Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the levels of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) and antioxidant defences. The view of oxidative stress as a cause of cell damage has …

Metabolic pathways and redox reactions are at the core of life. In the past decade (s),
numerous discoveries have shed light on how metabolic pathways determine the cellular …

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS–RNS) and other redox active molecules fulfill
key functions in immunity. Beside the initiation of cytocidal reactions within the pathogen …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have an indispensable role in controlling the growth of
pathogens. Recent evidence also suggests that they can function as second messengers …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are created in cells during oxidative phosphorylation by the
respiratory chain in the mitochondria or by the family of NADPH oxidase (NOX) complexes …

A robust adaptive immune response requires a phase of proliferative burst which is followed
by the polarization of T cells into relevant functional subsets. Both processes are associated …

Energy metabolism and redox state are intrinsically linked. In order to mount an adequate
immune response, cells must have an adequate and rapidly available energy resource to …

Successful Ag activation of naive T helper cells requires at least two signals consisting of
TCR and CD28 on the T cell interacting with MHC II and CD80/CD86, respectively, on APCs …