Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are potent immuno-stimulating agents and have
the potentials to be bioengineered as platforms for antitumor nanomedicine. In this study …

Cancer vaccines are emerging as an attractive modality for tumor immunotherapy. However,
their practical application is seriously impeded by the complex fabrication and unsatisfactory …

Inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a critical strategy for enhancing cancer
immunotherapy. However, inefficient and risky ICD inducers along with a tumor hypoxia …

Tumor heterogeneity, often leading to metastasis, limits the development of tumor therapy.
Personalized therapy is promising to address tumor heterogeneity. Here, a vesicle system …

A critical challenge in photothermal therapy (PTT) remains in establishing systemic
antitumor therapeutics against both primary and distant tumors, due to unsatisfactory …

Natural, extracellular membrane vesicles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, outer
membrane vesicles (OMVs), contain numerous pathogen-associated molecular patterns …

As adjuvants or antigens, bacterial membranes have been widely used in recent
antibacterial and antitumor research, but they are often injected multiple times to achieve …

Gram-negative bacteria can naturally produce nanosized spherical outer membrane
vesicles (OMVs) with a lipid bilayer membrane, possessing immunostimulatory capabilities …

The highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in solid tumors often
dampens the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, bacterial outer membrane vesicles …

Metabolic interactions between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME)
often result in reprogramming of the metabolism to be totally different from their normal …