Background Common genetic variants of the enzymes and efflux pump involved in
tacrolimus disposition have been associated with calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, but …

Objectives: Prolonged calcineurin inhibitor maintenance therapy in kidney allograft
recipients is complicated by the development of chronic irreversible drug-induced …

Background: Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are the primary immunosuppressive drugs used
in solid organ transplantation but are associated with the development of histological lesions …

Aim: The contribution of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been suggested in
renal transplant recipients receiving calcineurin inhibitors and developing nephrotoxicity …

Background: Calcineurin inhibition (CNI) is the mainstay of immunosuppressant therapy for
most solid organ transplant patients. High tacrolimus levels are related with acute …

Background: Tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic drug window but high inter-and
intrapatient variability. Our aim is to construct a model able to predict optimal maintenance …

What is known and Objective Tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic index and shows large
interindividual variations in pharmacokinetics, which may be partly explained by genetic …

Background: Tacrolimus is mainly metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5), which is
expressed in the liver. However, CYP3A5 is also expressed in the kidney tissue and may …

ABSTRACT Introduction: Tacrolimus (Tac) is effective in preventing acute rejection but has
considerable toxicity and inter-individual variability in pharmacokinetics and …

Background Previous reports have established that patient CYP3A5 allelic variability may be
the most important genetic contributor to interindividual variation in tacrolimus exposure in …