It is hypothesized that ligand-independent activation of the androgen receptor is one of the
mechanisms implicated in tumour progression. However, supportive evidence is limited to …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) induces prostate cancer (CaP) cell proliferation in vitro. Several
lines of evidence suggest that IL-6 may promote CaP progression through induction of an …

Purpose: The standard systemic treatment for prostate cancer patients is androgen
deprivation therapy. Although serum testosterone concentrations were significantly reduced …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels are frequently elevated in sera of patients with metastatic
prostate cancer. IL-6 receptors are expressed in prostate cancer cell lines, as well as in …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine which is involved in regulation of growth of
various malignant tumors. IL-6 binds to its receptor, which is composed of a ligand-binding …

Androgen receptor (AR) plays an important role in the development and progression of
prostate cancer upon the action of androgen through the binding of the androgen …

Purpose: Prostate cancer frequently progresses from an initial androgen dependence to
androgen independence, rendering the only effective androgen ablation therapy useless …

Abstract Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that regulates not only immune and inflammatory
responses but also the growth of some tumors, including prostate carcinomas. IL-6 signals …

Several cytokines are involved in regulation of cellular events in prostate cancer. Interleukin-
6 (IL-6) was frequently investigated in prostate cancer models because of its increased …

Nonsteroidal signaling via the androgen receptor (AR) plays an im-portant role in hormone-
refractory prostate cancer. Previously, we have reported that the pleiotropic cytokine …