L-tryptophan (Trp) contributes to regulating bilateral communication of the gut–brain axis. It
undergoes three major metabolic pathways, which lead to formation of kynurenine …

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid critical for protein synthesis in humans that has
emerged as a key player in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. It is the only precursor for the …

Modern neurological approaches enable detailed studies on the pathophysiology and
treatment of depression. An imbalance in the microbiota–gut–brain axis contributes to the …

Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, has been reported that it has the potential to regulate
depression-like behavior. Meanwhile, Chronic stress-induced depression also has a close …

Background Adolescent depression is becoming one of the major public health concerns,
because of its increased prevalence and risk of significant functional impairment and …

Scope Tryptophan (Trp) metabolites are closely related to neurological diseases, whereas,
the underlying mechanism related to the alleviative effects of Trp metabolites on …

Clinical depression is a multifactorial disorder and one of the leading causes of disability
worldwide. The alterations in tryptophan metabolism such as changes in the levels of …

The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of hormetic nutrition for enhancing stress
resilience and overall human health have received much attention. Recently, the gut–brain …

Scope A growing body of evidence suggests that the harmful gut microbiota in depression
patients can play a role in the progression of depression. There is limited research on …

Background Sleep loss is a serious global health concern. Consequences include memory
deficits and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Our previous research showed that melatonin can …