Long-term L-dopa treatment of Parkinson's disease can lose its effectiveness and cause
development of motor complications such as dyskinesia. Furthermore, L-dopa therapy does …

In the pursuit of improved treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD), the adenosine A2A
receptor has emerged as an attractive nondopaminergic target. Based on the compelling …

Adenosine A2A receptors have a unique cellular and regional distribution in the basal
ganglia, being particularly concentrated in areas richly innervated by dopamine such as the …

Adenosine A 2A receptor antagonists represent a new way forward in the symptomatic
treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) through a non-dopaminergic mechanism. As a class …

Long-term disability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is related to progression of the underlying
disease and the emergence of complications of chronic levodopa therapy. There is a need …

The drug treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) is accompanied by a loss of drug efficacy,
the onset of motor complications, lack of effect on non-motor symptoms, and a failure to …

The development of non-dopaminergic therapies for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
(PD) has attracted much interest in recent years. Among new different classes of drugs …

Adenosine A2A receptors present in the central nervous system have been implicated in the
modulation of motor functions. Accordingly, adenosine A2A receptor antagonists currently …

Several selective antagonists for adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are currently under
evaluation in clinical trials (phases I to III) to treat Parkinson's disease, and they will probably …

Current treatment of the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) focuses on dopamine
replacement therapies. While these treatments are initially highly effective, with long-term …