During protein synthesis, the growing nascent peptide chain moves inside the polypeptide
exit tunnel of the ribosome from the peptidyl transferase center towards the exit port where it …

At what point during translation do proteins fold? It is well established that proteins can fold
cotranslationally outside the ribosome exit tunnel, whereas studies of folding inside the exit …

Highlights•Proteins begin to fold within the polypeptide exit tunnel of the
ribosome.•Ribosomes change the landscape of protein folding.•Ribosomes can stabilize …

Cellular proteins begin to fold as they emerge from the ribosome. The folding landscape of
nascent chains is not only shaped by their amino acid sequence but also by the interactions …

Many proteins in the cell fold cotranslationally within the restricted space of the polypeptide
exit tunnel or at the surface of the ribosome. A growing body of evidence suggests that the …

In the living cells, the folding of many proteins is largely believed to begin co-translationally,
during their biosynthesis at the ribosomes. In the ribosomal tunnel, the nascent peptide may …

As the nascent polypeptide chain is being synthesized, it passes through a tunnel within the
large ribosomal subunit and emerges at the solvent side where protein folding occurs …

Co-translational folding is a fundamental process for the efficient biosynthesis of nascent
polypeptides that emerge through the ribosome exit tunnel. To understand how this process …

The exit tunnel of the ribosome is commonly considered to be sufficiently narrow that co-
translational folding can begin only when specific segments of nascent chains are fully …

Over five decades of research have yielded a large body of information on how purified
proteins attain their native state when refolded in the test tube, starting from a chemically or …