Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder that affects an estimated 30
million people worldwide. It is characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β cells by the …

It has long been established that type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a T cell-mediated autoimmune
disease, with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells being largely responsible for the destruction of β cells …

Type 2 diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end‐stage renal disease
and is increasingly considered as an inflammatory disease characterized by leukocyte …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common cause of end-stage renal disease and
has gradually become a public health problem worldwide. DKD is increasingly recognized …

Loss of functional β-cell mass is the key mechanism leading to the two main forms of
diabetes mellitus—type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive
destruction of pancreatic beta cells by genetic and environmental factors which leads to an …

Recent evidence suggests a role for B cells in the pathogenesis of young-onset type 1
diabetes (T1D), wherein rapid progression occurs. However, little is known regarding the …

Though type 1 diabetes (T1D) is considered a T cell-mediated autoimmune disorder, recent
evidence indicates that B cells play a critical role in disease. This conclusion is based in part …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is caused by the selective deletion of pancreatic β‐cells in
response to an assault mounted within the pancreas by infiltrating immune cells. However …

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease resulting from destruction of insulin-
producing pancreatic β cells. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to T1DM onset …