The charge of this invited review is to present a convincing case for the fact that cells release
their ATP for physiological reasons. Many of our “purinergic” colleagues as well as …

Why and how do cells release ATP? It is not spilled energy. ATP becomes an extracellular
regulator. Various cellular responses are initiated by purinergic receptors and signaling …

ATP and its metabolites regulate vascular tone; however, the sources of the ATP released in
vascular beds are ill defined. As such, we tested the hypothesis that all limbs of an …

Epithelial cells exhibit regulated release of ATP. Once outside of the cell, ATP in nanomolar
concentrations functions as an autocrine/paracrine signal modulating a broad range of cell …

Autocrine and paracrine release of and extracellular signaling by ATP is a ubiquitous cell
biological and physiological process. Despite this knowledge, the mechanisms and …

32 ago. Cells display complex mechanisms to synthesize ATP and to control its cytosolic
level. More recently, extracellular ATP (and/or ADP), at low concentrations, has also been …

Abstract The nucleotide adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) has classically been considered
the cell's primary energy currency. Importantly, a novel role for ATP as an extracellular …

Nonetheless, extracellular ATP (and/or ADP) at low micromolar concentrations can influence
many biological processes including platelet aggregation, vascular tone, neurotransmission …

Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), at micromolar/nanomolar concentrations, has
been shown to induce significant functional changes in a wide variety of normal and …

The role of ATP and ADP as intercellular mediators is now well established. The presence of
the nucleotides in extracellular fluids can result from several mechanisms: cell lysis …