Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory and autoimmune disorder that is
characterized by joint inflammation, pain, physical disability, and morning stiffness. In the …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of unknown etiology.
Treatment of RA is very complex, and in the past years, some studies have investigated the …

Introduction Inflammation of the synovial membrane plays an important role in the
pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). The synovial tissue of patients with initial OA is …

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) is a promising tool for rheumatic diseases, and a systematic
Cochrane review suggests that LLLT could be considered in rheumatoid arthritis …

As low‐level laser therapy immune cells responses are not always clarified, this study aimed
to evaluate cytokines and immune cells profile after low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) on …

抄録 The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of laser therapy in pain reduction
and/or recovery of patients at the onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), comparatively with the …

Background In low level laser therapy (LLLT) low wattage lasers are used to irradiate the
affected skin areas, joints, nerves, muscles and tendons without any sensation or thermal …

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affect a large proportion of the
population. Low level laser therapy (LLLT) was introduced as an alternative noninvasive …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory, systemic and chronic disease that mainly
affects the joints. It is characterized mainly by pain, edema and joint stiffness, which can lead …

Low energy laser (LEL) is a widely used treatment for a variety of musculoskeletal disorders
although convincing documentation of the effect is missing. We have examined the LEL …