Abstract To implement the Soil Protection Act of 1986, the Dutch Ministry of Housing,
Physical Planning, and Environment has recently proposed a list of soil quality reference …

It is suggested that the inhibition of microbe-mediated ecologic processes by pollutants be
used to quantitate the sensitivity of natural ecosystems to such toxicants. Such a …

The risk assessment of chemicals for ecosystems is generally based on the results of
laboratory toxicity tests. For an overview of tests available or under development for the soil …

Concern about the input of metals to terrestrial ecosystems is related to (i) the
ecotoxicological impact on soil organisms and plants (Bringmark et al. 1998; Palmborg et al …

The environmental risk assessment of metals in the soil compartment is based mainly on
tests performed in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) …

Deleterious effects of heavy metals on soil microorganisms are reviewed in relation to the
complexities involved in their study. There is strong evidence that soil microbes are more …

For about 20 years, standardized soil ecotoxicological tests have relied on the use of an
artificial soil substrate (eg, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; …

Soil Intervention Values are generic soil quality standards based on potential risks to
humans and eco-systems. These values are used to determine whether or not contaminated …

Micro-organisms are vital for soil fertility and for the degradation of organic matter and
pollutants in soils and sediments. Due to their function and ubiquitous presence micro …

Acute and chronic ecotoxicity tests with cadmium were conducted with the earthworm
Eisenia fetida, the potworm Enchytraeus albidus and the springtail Folsomia candida. To …